Different Types of Organized Crime in Canada Essay -- Criminal Justic

Different Types of   Organized Crime in Canada   Organized crime in Canada has many faces. The people who engage in organized crime are as varied as the types of organized crimes they engage in. There are essentially four categories of organized crime in Canada. These four categories are: (A) Aboriginal organized crime groups, (B) Outlaw motorcycle gangs, (C) Traditional Italian Mafia crime groups, ethnic groups such as Asian Triads and Vietnamese gangs, (D) Colombian cartels and emerging crime groups from Russia and Nigeria (Beare 1996: 75). Any of these groups could potentially be linked to such illegal activity as: the trafficking of narcotics, extortion, loan-sharking, various types of frauds, smuggling of cigarettes, alcohol, weapons and people (illegal aliens), pornography, prostitution, murder, and gambling. It is true that any of the groups mentioned in the above categories could be involved in any of the crimes just mentioned. However each category tends to have certain crimes that it commits with regularity, crimes th at, that particular group may specialize in.As well these groups tend to have certain crimes that they do not touch. Perhaps they stay away from a particular crime because it is the speciality of a stronger group. A look into which groups do which crimes will be helpful.   Aboriginal organized crime groups tend to deal with crimes that many people do not consider a big problem. These groups tend to focus on the smuggling of cigarettes and alcohol. Aboriginal groups also tend to take part in the founding of illegal gambling facilities. Although these offences in and of themselves may appear to be rather innocent; the large amount of money involved in these enterprises soon changes the nature of the game... ...ent of all the cocaine consumed in Canada and the United States (Beare 1996: 86). The Colombian cartels control the bulk of the cocaine market through out most of the western world. Enforcement officials are only just begging to understand the extent and the sophistication of the Colombian cartels' criminal activities here in Canada. The links that the Colombians are making with other criminal groups could prove to be very dangerous.   This has been a brief overview of the different categories of organized crime one can find in Canada. The only good to be said about all of this is that at least there are many different groups. True it makes the groups harder to track down. But if one group controlled it all they would be impossible to stop. Reference: Beare Margaret 1996 Criminal Conspiracies Organized Crime in Canada. Nelson Canada, Scarborough, Ont.

Hegel and the Relation of Master and Servant Essay -- essays research

Relation of Master and Servant According to Hegel, â€Å"the self conscious is itself and for itself† meaning that it has to come outside of itself, so that it can do two things. One is to cancel out the other otherness. The second is to try to become recognized. This recognition process is called Master and Servant self-conscious. The conflict between master and servant is one in which the historical themes such as dependence and independence are introduced. It sets up the realization of the self conscious through the recognition of and by another, through mutual recognition. The relation between the self and the otherness is necessary to define human awareness and more importantly desire. This desire is part of the primordial human experience. The problem is that, the consciousness respond...

Juliet †Baz Luhrmann production Essay

Romeo seems like a passionate, romantic and excitable young man. He seems to like the idea of being in love, although I would suggest the feelings he has for Juliet begin only as infatuation and grow throughout the balcony scene. In the beginning of the scene Romeo is portrayed as determined, wary and possibly a little frightened as he knocks over furniture and scrambles up the trellis. His eyes are continuously darting around and you get a sense of desperation because he is panting. When he climbs the trellis in the hope of seeing Juliet but discovers the nurse instead, his facial expression turns from one of lust and longing, to one of utter disgust and horror. When Romeo scurries down the trellis, his demeanour is hurried and rushed and we get a sense of urgency as he holds his breath. When Juliet appears from the elevator, he is flattered that she is speaking of him â€Å"O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo? † After a short while he begins to shadow her, seemingly taken aback by her affectionate remarks and breathtaking beauty. Romeo seems almost intoxicated by Juliet; he continuously gazes deep into her eyes and follows her very closely throughout the scene. When he kisses her although tenderly, I get a sense of hunger and passion; he is smitten by every word, which seems to make his infatuation grow. However, he also shows foolish bravado in the swimming pool when he shouts, â€Å"thy kinsmen are no stop to me†. Romeo’s character in this film also outlines how impulsive and rash he is, as he does not object when Juliet proposes marriage, but instead smiles dreamily into her eyes. He seems devastated when they have to part â€Å"Love goes toward love as schoolboys from their books, but love from love, toward school with heavy looks. † Romeo is in love with the idea of love and during the course of the scene he is portrayed as romantic and passionate but also appears to be irrational, impulsive and desperate because he is so agreeable. Karen Clark 27th October 2003 Romeo & Juliet Baz Luhrmann Production 1(i) Characters and Characteristics Juliet Capulet Juliet seems like a thoughtful, sensible and practical young girl. When she enters the scene we see her deep in thought. It is soon obvious that she is quite upset as she leans against the statue with her hand on her hip and a look of dismay on her face as she says â€Å"Ay me! † Juliet’s body language expresses her annoyance; her arms are folded when she talks about rebelling against their family names; â€Å"What’s in a name? That which we call a rose by any other word would smell as sweet;† Although when she remarks â€Å"Doff thy name† her expression and speech has changed and become quite dreamy. In this section of the scene we also see the child in Juliet; When she says â€Å"nor any other part belonging to a man† she almost laughs, as a child would laugh with innocent embarrassment about a mans anatomy. She appears frightened but practical and dwells on the word â€Å"death† in the sentence â€Å"And the place death, considering who thou art† she pushes him in desperation under the water when a security guard appears to check that all is well, then smiles sweetly at the guard until he leaves. When they engage in their first kiss you see Juliet close her eyes in anticipation, she gently caresses his face before pushing him away in embarrassment. Again, during this section of the scene we see the inquisitive child in Juliet as she almost whispers â€Å"Dost thy love me? † it shows how young and immature she is, she is looking for confirmation of his love and looks at Romeo the way a child would look at her father for approval. When Romeo asks â€Å"O wilt thou leave me so unsatisfied? † her reply is one of anger and shock as she replies â€Å"What satisfaction canst thou have tonight? † the expression on her face is one of annoyance and disbelief, I believe that this is the only time throughout the scene that she may question his love for her. Juliet is a very capable young lady who truly believes she is in love with Romeo; during the scene she is portrayed as a shy, nai ve and innocent child, but also appears to be a very determined, sensible and practical young lady. Karen Clark 27th October 2003 Romeo & Juliet Baz Luhrmann Production 1(ii) Dramatic Devices In the beginning of the scene we see Romeo climbing the orchard wall in complete darkness, but when he enters the swimming pool area the fairy lights illuminate the immediate vicinity, coupled with the floral trellis this makes the setting quite romantic. You get a sense of the era because the house is traditional in style, from the authentic continental windows to the ageing balusters on the balcony. The size of the house, together with the presence of a swimming pool gives the impression that Juliet comes from a very affluent background. The costumes seem appropriate for the period; Juliet wears a simple plain white dress, possibly portraying virginity and virtuosity and Romeo wears the costume of a knight, which could signify valour and gallantry. In contrast we see the security guard sporting a very modern outfit complete with baseball cap, earpiece and headset. The music used throughout the scene is somewhat soft and subtle, although at times it becomes a little bit eerie and has a sense of mystery. The majority of the scene is quite close and the camera angles depict this, although the shot of the Virgin Mary through the curtains and the dropping of the cross on the chain deliver a sense of foreboding. Most of the scene takes place in the swimming pool rather than on the balcony and this is dramatised by Romeo and Juliet falling into the pool on two occasions and the subsequent underwater scenes. Karen Clark 27th October 2003 Romeo & Juliet. Baz Luhrmann Production 1(iii) Themes The theme of the film immediately tells of a forbidden love, this is shown with Romeo’s movements at the beginning of the scene; He is skulking around in the shadows, panicking when he smashes a statue and hiding when he thinks someone may have heard him. Some other examples of the prohibition are when Juliet addresses the outrage her family would have upon the discovery of Romeo in the orchard; and when the security guard appears to check that all is well and Juliet immediately submerges Romeo in the swimming pool in an attempt to conceal him. From Juliet’s aspect we perceive her first love, she gently caresses Romeo wherever possible and we feel a sense of longing and anticipation, possibly because she may feel disloyal and treacherous towards her family if she continues with the alliance. Lust plays a large part during this scene, although you get the sense that Romeo believes he is in love with Juliet, at the beginning of the scene while he is still hiding, you get the impression that Romeo wants to touch and be intimate with Juliet from the expression on his face and his body language. There is also a sense of impending doom, earlier in the scene Juliet says â€Å"I have no joy of this contract tonight, it is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden, too like the lightening, which doth cease to be†, this could mean that once lightening has struck all that remains is an empty space and charred remnants of what once was, therefore lightening may strike because of the family feud and if they continue to love each other they will cease to exist. Karen Clark. 27th October 2003 Romeo & Juliet Baz Luhrmann Production 1(iv) My Response The balcony scene in the Baz Luhrmann production of Romeo and Juliet is in my opinion inadequate. It does not seem to portray Romeo and Juliet as â€Å"young lovers† and the setting is too modern for the Shakespearean language. Had the speech been translated to modern text the film would have been a massive hit as the story of Romeo and Juliet is still extremely relevant in our modern society. In my opinion the actors did not do the characters any justice, their faces were not innocent enough and they appeared to be much older than we believed Romeo and Juliet to be. I expected the scene to be quite romantic and was most disappointed and quite bored very early into the scene. I get the impression from the scene that Juliet is neither virginal nor innocent; she seems to know what she wants and has a very adult like way of getting it. She is practical, calm and pushy, more like a manipulative woman than an innocent child. Although in the scene we do see aspects of Juliet’s inner child, like when she innocently asks â€Å"Dost thy love me? † she is seems to be seeking assurances as a child would; We also see a mature and confident young lady, from the way she reacts to his plea of dissatisfaction to the way she kisses him so lustfully and skilfully. If she were a child at the age of 13 or 14, I would presume that the physical aspect of their relationship would be pretty new to her and she would be very clumsy, awkward and uncomfortable. On at least two occasions during the course of the scene she pushes him away and then captivates him again, and in my opinion only a more mature and experienced woman would do this, not an innocent child who has met her first love. Romeo is portrayed as a determined and desperate young man, although we see what seems to be romance during the scene, I believe that Romeo is only infatuated with Juliet. I get the impression that all he wants to do is appease her so that he can return to her bedroom to be more intimate. When he says, â€Å"O wilt thou leave me so unsatisfied? † the reply that he really wants to hear is â€Å"Let us depart to the bedroom and seal our vow of love† so he is taken aback with her reply. The way Romeo looks at Juliet throughout the scene is more lustful and hungry than loving and romantic and in my opinion although I would expect this of a 15 or 16 year old boy, the story is meant to be one of love and the balcony scene is the epitome of this love, instead of desperation Luhrmann should have played more towards the romantic side of Romeo rather than the overbearing and ingratiating character he is portrayed as. Karen Clark 27th October 2003 Romeo & Juliet Baz Luhrmann Production 2 Imagery In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare uses a variety of languages for various purposes; throughout the balcony scene we see many different linguistic devices including similes, metaphors and oxymorons. These devices are used to build a picture of the scene and also show Shakespeare’s talent as a playwright. The language of love is particularly powerful within the balcony scene; â€Å"O speak again, bright angel, for thou art as glorious to this night, being o’er my head as a winged messenger of heaven† Shakespeare uses this simile to describe how beautiful Juliet is, he compares Juliet to an angel because she appears at the window above Romeo and is silhouetted by the lamp light from within. Later in the scene Shakespeare uses a metaphor to describe how Juliet recognises Romeo’s voice, even though they have only just met; â€Å"My ears have yet not drunk a hundred words of thy tongue’s uttering, yet I know the sound. † In my opinion this metaphor adds warmth and a strong sense of feeling and atmosphere. Alliteration is used several times throughout the scene â€Å"The orchard walls are high and hard to climb† and â€Å"How silver-sweet sound lovers’ tongues by night, like softest music to attending ears! † This adds emphasis and significance to the descriptions. Towards the end of the scene there are two oxymoron’s in close proximity, both spoken by Juliet, â€Å"So loving-jealous of his liberty† and â€Å"Parting is such sweet sorrow† Although contradictory, they give importance to the statements. You may also note that Romeo’s final speech is delivered as poetic imagery, which is especially effective in portraying love. Some of Shakespeare’s imagery presents popular representations of that era. At the time, religion was very important, so by including religious imagery, for example Juliet appearing angelic, it portrays Romeo and Juliet’s love as heavenly and beautiful, something that was fated or meant to be. Shakespeare’s natural ability for the language of love is astounding and impressive and he applies this with unmistakable talent. Without Shakespeare’s competence with rhyme and imagery, the dialect would never have been so rich. The language of Shakespeare is full of humour, insults, irony and word play and is a joy to observe and a delight to study.

Hyphenated Americans and the Hardships of the American Indians Essay

Many Americans recognize themselves with a hyphenated designation. They call themselves Asian-Americans, Arab-Americans, Jewish-American, Cuban-Americans, native-Americans and many other. They considered themselves immigrants -people who moved to the United States to seek legal permanent residency and stable sources pf livelihood. Indeed, it is said that the United States has always been a nation of refugees and immigrants, with the exception of the natives living here before the Spanish, French, Viking, Dutch and English explorers arrived in the 16th and 17th centuries. Native Americans (Indian American) who lived on the North America peninsula for at least 16,000 years had a very diverse collision on American history and racial relations. It is noticeable that during the independent periods, a long series of conflicts between Indian tribes erupted for almost 2000 years. These include wars, massacres, imposition of treaties and forced displacement done by the immigrants in their native soil. History books documented the first racial discrimination: Hernando De Soto burned a number of Indian villages in 1540, with the consent of the Spanish Crown. In early 1700’s, the English massacred nearly 800 Choctaws. Afterwhich, the idea of Indian exclusion became popular. Choctaw elders described the incident in 1849: â€Å"We have our homes torn down and destroyed, our fences demoralized, cattle was slaughtered into our fields and we ourselves have been plagued, chained, confined and personally abused, until by such management of our some best people have died,† (William, 1988). In this view, some ideological expansionist justification included stereotyped views of all Native Americans as â€Å"merciless Indian savages,† despite triumphant efforts of American radicals to eradicate discrimination. The most popular attempt happened with the so called California Gold Rush, when thousands of Native Americans died in the gold mines of California and Arizona. Under this rule, Indians were subjected to de facto slavery. Thus, in 1850, the state of California entered the Union as a free state (including the issue of slavery); slavery was formally practiced in 1863 when the California Legislature ratified special laws on slavery. Former President George Washington believed that Native Americans were equals of the ‘modern’ American but recognize the fact that their societies were less technologically advanced. This led to the formulation of a set of policies designed to modernize these societies. These included: a) giving punishment for those who violated Native American rights, b) presidential authority to give promote Indian development, c) promotion of business, d) improvement of Native American Society, e) objective impartiality toward Native Americans, and f) regulated buying of Native American lands. In this sense, Native Americans battle for their rights and giving them the Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 granted US citizenship to all Native Americans, although prior to the passage of the law, almost two thirds of them are already a US citizen. The act partly stated: Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all no citizen Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States be, and they are hereby, declared to be citizens of the United States: Provided, That the granting of such citizenship shall not in any manner impair or otherwise affect the right of any Native American to tribal or other property. † Indian Citizen Act of 1924 Over time, as the immigration intensified, American Indians were gradually mixed into the prevailing society resulting to erosion of monolithic solidarity of ethnic cultures. But less evident was the immovable preservation of the unique characteristics of the dominantly flooded ethnicities. A civilizing pluralism steadily saturated the homogeneous principles that â€Å"natives† insisted were very important to the American distinctiveness. As ethnics detached, hyphenated societies reproduced. Thus, complexity in historical origins is evident in their ethnic closed society. For now, what is clear is that the Americans are still in making its way to accept this reality. In this sense, the remarkable ability of the Americans to fuse diversity into harmony is said to be an ever-changing mosaic of their culture.

Moral Issues in the United States Navy

The United States Navy is a branch of the United States armed forces. The USN has a goal of educating and preparing combat-ready naval forces. The United States Navy’s mission is to produce naval forces that are proficient and skilled in combat mission especially in winning wars and able to sustain freedom of the seas. In addition to this, most of the naval operations are under their responsibility. It traces its origins to the Continental Navy, and nowadays, there are over 335,000 personnel and operates 280 ships on active duty. The military professionals, including those in the navy are expected by the society to follow a higher moral standard. It is the mission and the image that people or the society sees upon these professionals. As such, there is a need for the strict implementation of professional ethics and moral codes. Generals or commanders always enforce their troops or subordinates to follow moral goodness. If moral failure occurs or when an officer was not able to follow direct orders given to him, they give reprimands and even punishments. The punishment can either be suspension, dismissal from service, demotion or being jailed in a military prison. Furthermore, because of these expectations and high moral standards, moral problems of the slightest case are treated immediately. Actions are done in order to correct whatever mistake was committed that may put a blemish on the name of the navy. In an article by Sara Corbett, which was published on March 18, 2007 at the New York Times, a female United States Navy faced melancholy and turmoil due to a simple moral problem that she committed. The United States Navy at that time had to depart or be deployed in Iraq for the war. Due to personal reasons, Suzanne Swift who was a 21-year-old, went AWOL or absence without official leave. She did not report on her duties for two days and stayed away hiding from the navy through the help of her friends. She continuously received messages and calls from her superiors and fellow soldiers during her AWOL but still, she did not report on her duties. By the month of April, after the departure of the ship where Suzanne Swift was supposed to board, she returned to her family’s home (Corbett, 2007). By the 11th of June, there were two local officers who visited her family’s home and found her painting her toenails. The local officers arrested Suzanne Swift and brought her to county jail. After two days, she was taken to Fort Lewis wherein she would be charged with being AWOL. Unable to continue her duties as a soldier, she was placed on a room in the barracks where she performed desk jobs. The military procedures when it comes to AWOL soldiers are really established that actions taken are promptly. Utilitarianism refers to the doctrine of ethics wherein the action considered or taken is in the form of consequentialism. In addition to this, the course of action that is taken is solely determined by its contribution to overall utility. In simple terms, it is for the â€Å"greatest good for the greatest number of people† (Mill, 1998). In the case of Suzanne Swift, the navy left without her because it is the right thing to do, for them not to delay their mission and contribute to the benefit of the many. On the other hand, it was not morally right for Swift to abandon her duties since she was merely thinking of herself and not the benefit of others. In the field, she could help her fellow soldiers and even aid in their cause, but she chose not to. Suzanne Swift has the right for a lawyer and the right to defend her stand, but if utilitarianism is considered as basis for judging her, then she would be instantly convicted guilty. Works Cited Corbett, Sara. â€Å"The Women's War.† The New York Times   (March 18, 2007). January 14, 2008 . Mill, John Stuary. Utilitarianism. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.      

Is humanitarian intervention justifiable? Essay

The view that humanitarian intervention is justifiable is debatable. This is due to the fact that in many cases there are two sides to a judgement, the side of the country or countries intervening and the side of the country that is being subjected to intervention. An example is the Iraq war in which the USA and Great Britain intervened, the US and UK may have viewed intervention as inevitable and necessary while the Iraqi’s had many other views and in hindsight many see intervention as a way of worsening matters. Furthermore the idea that humanitarian intervention is justifiable could indeed always depend on the situation and to what extent is intervention needed. Intervention can be justified by the idea of ‘common humanity’, this is the idea that moral responsibilities cannot be limited to a country’s own people and country but essentially to the whole of humanity. This can also be called indivisible humanity due to the claim that we are all humans no matter where we are on the planet. For example the Syrians may be different in geography and language to citizens of the western countries however; this doesn’t mean that they should be subjected to mass murder. As a result there seems to be a necessity for able countries to intervene, able in reference to resources and money and therefore humanitarian intervention can be viewed to be justifiable However, this can be argued against by the possibility of countries intervening for themselves and to pursue their own national interests rather than the country which they are supposedly offering help to. There is an argument that states that countries wouldn’t deploy a great amount of soldiers overseas if there wasn’t a possibility or even a certainty of personal gain and also it is argued that on the subject of whether to intervene or not, some countries calculate national interest and decide then to carry out the intervention or not. A possible example of this occurring is when the US sent troops to Iraq and there was a general view that this happened due to the possibility of gaining oil. This therefore shows political untruthfulness due to the fact that nations are using humanitarian intervention as a cover for their personal interest. Additionally, there is also a view that the citizens and the issues of a certain country are of that county’s business only and outside intervention is unnecessary. Therefore, this shows that humanitarian intervention isn’t justifiable Moreover, the idea of humanitarian intervention can be justified by the fact that in some cases countries act out of a need to prevent a conflict occurring in another country that could have an effect on the country’s own citizens. This is related to the idea of global interconnectedness, currently there are several countries that depend on another for a key reason, for example the exporting and importing of goods. As a result this leads to these countries siding with each other in matters of hardship for either one of them. Also the idea of global interdependence is important because it sheds light to the other side of self-interest; enlightened self-interest. An example of this is ‘Operation Provide Comfort’ (1991) which is when the US intervened in Iraq to defend Kurds that were fleeing their homes in the aftermath of the Iran-Iraq war. On the other hand, the issue of double standards arises that argues against the justification of humanitarian intervention. This is when there is clearly a pressing humanitarian emergency but certain countries decide not to intervene and go to the extent of ruling intervention out completely. For example, the Rwandan genocide in 1994, the USA had just come out of a terrible peacekeeping mission in Somalia and vowed never to get involved in a conflict between clans and tribes where there was no national interest. This shows that although the Rwandan genocide was such a pressing situation as there was no national interest in getting involved the US avoided it showing that they had double standards as years later they involved themselves in Iraq where there was a possibility of personal gain and national interest in the form of oil. Additionally, humanitarian intervention can be justified due to the concept of regional stability. This means that when one country is being affected to the extent of there being a need for intervention it will have a certain effect on the countries surrounding it. As a result many neighbouring countries of an affected country will support humanitarian intervention in fear of the effect that regional instability may have on them. If there is severe unrest then this may call for intervention from major powers such as the USA in order to prevent a possible regional war. For example, the humanitarian crisis in Syria is posing a threat to regional stability due to the rivalry between Iran and Saudi Arabia. The two countries are in dispute because Iran is adamantly backing the Syrian president Bashar Al-Assad while Saudi Arabia is strongly anti-Assad. This is causing regional instability due to the fact that several Middle Eastern countries are now forming two sides; pro-Assad and anti-Assad, for example the highly influential religious group Hezbollah are on Assad’s side as they sided with Iran on the matter. Furthermore this issue is severe due to its highly religious nature. This is shown in the fact that Shi’ite Iran and Hezbollah are supporting the Alawite Assad while Saudi Arabia a Sunni country are against him. Religion is a hugely influential and motivating factor for war and dispute and this issue is emphasising this further. Therefore the need for regional stability is key, and it justifies the need for humanitarian intervention as it seems like it is an important factor in preventing regional unrest and possible wars. On the other hand, it can be argued that humanitarian intervention isn’t justifiable due to the matter of ‘simplistic politics.’ This is when conflicts have been simplified to a basic good versus bad concept in which complexities of potential intervention and its consequences are ignored or belittled and certain aspects have been exaggerated such as the amount of atrocities committed or murders that have occurred. This then results in a distorted view of humanitarian intervention which leads to devastation once it happens as things are underestimated or overestimated. Distortion has a key role in the argument against humanitarian intervention being justifiable. This is because of the fact that the west have a false view of human rights in other parts of the world, for example the USA may have a different set of human rights to those of a middle eastern country and this distorted view can have many disastrous consequences as humanitarian intervention may occur due to a misinterpretation of the human rights of the countries involved. This shows that humanitarian intervention isn’t justifiable because of the different political systems around the world. In conclusion, the evidence shows that whether humanitarian intervention is justifiable depends mostly on the situation. There are views that support intervention as it is viewed as an act for the greater good and must happen to prevent mass murder occurring, while others view it negatively as a seed of double standards and national interest as shown in Rwanda in 1994 where the US didn’t intervene due to no personal gain being offered in return. As a result humanitarian intervention is justifiable according to the situation. Is humanitarian intervention justifiable?

Figurative Language versus Literal Language Essay - 9

Figurative Language versus Literal Language - Essay Example The phrase, â€Å"a piece of cake† does not literally mean a task that can be easily completed. As an idiom, however, that is what it means. The image that the idiom conjures up has a lot to do with the meaning that it is given (Amphiboly, n.d.). An amphiboly refers to an ambiguity that is created as a result of the grammatical structure of that sentence. This may be the result of the different meanings that may result from the positioning of marks of punctuation. An analogy refers to a device of figurative language whereby meaning is transferred to make something clear. A certain process or thing is talked of in terms of another to make others understand its essence. One may take the example of the analogy between a tube and the mechanism of water travel within a plant that is often used in botany classrooms, to understand the concept of an analogy. A flame word is something that is used as a substitute for another word or process that can then be used independent of the original word. It can be used since the original word is not used in common parlance or also probably because the flame word is what is used within a coterie of people who may understand the word. It can then be used as a means of developing a group with an understanding of certain secret words (Urban Dictionary, n.d.). One of the most celebrated devices of the figures of speech, metaphor refers to the substitution of one idea with the other so as to qualify the first one. In this device, the characteristics of one object are transferred to the other. The two objects may have no apparent relation and metaphors are often used by poets to shock readers in this way. When a person is referred to as a ‘cheetah on the track’, their exceptional speed is sought to be highlighted through the metaphor. Hyperbole is a figure of speech whereby something is exaggerated to a great extent. The reader is aware of the